Trusted Collaborative Real Time Scheduling in a Smart Card Exokernel

نویسندگان

  • Damien Deville
  • Christophe Rippert
  • Gilles Grimaud
چکیده

This paper presents the work we have conducted concerning real time scheduling in Camille, an exokernel dedicated to smart cards. We show that it is possible to embedded a flexible real-time operating system despite the important hardware limitations of the smart card platform. We present the major difficulties one has to face when integrating real time support in an exokernel embedded on a very resource-limited platform. We first present a naive solution consisting in allocating an equal time slice to every system extensions and letting each one share it as needed amongst its tasks. We show that this solution does not account for loading of new extensions in the system, and that it can fail if some extensions have much more work to carry out than the others. We then present a more complex solution based upon collaborative schedulers grouped as virtual extensions. We show that this solution supports dynamic loading of new extensions and works even for very unbalanced task repartitions. We finally address the issue of trust between the collaborating extensions and we propose a solution based on exhaustive testing and formal proving of the plan functions. Key-words: Real time, collaborative scheduling, smart card, exokernel ∗ IRCICA/LIFL, Univ. Lille 1, UMR CNRS 8022, INRIA Futurs, POPS research group. This work is partially supported by grants from the CPER Nord-Pas-de-Calais TACT LOMC C21, the French Ministry of Education and Research (ACI Sécurité Informatique SPOPS), and Gemplus Research Labs. Ordonnancement temps-réel collaboratif dans un exonoyau pour cartes à puce Résumé : Ce document présente le travail que nous avons réalisé concernant l’ordonnancement temps-réel dans Camille, un exonoyau dédié aux cartes à puce. Nous montrons qu’il est possible d’embarquer un système d’exploitation temps-réel et extensible dans des dispositifs matériels aussi contraints que les cartes à puces. Nous présentons les difficultés principales rencontrées lors de l’intégration du support temps-réel dans un exonoyau embarqués dans des dispositifs très contraints. Nous détaillons tout d’abord une solution naïve consistant à allouer un quantum de temps à chaque extension système et laisser chacune d’elle le répartir entre ses tâches. Nous montrons que cette solution ne supporte pas l’insertion dynamique d’extensions dans le système, et qu’elle peut échouer pour les extensions ayant beaucoup plus de travail à réaliser que les autres. Nous présentons ensuite une solution plus complexe basée sur la collaboration d’ordonnanceurs regroupés dans des extensions virtuelles. Nous montrons que cette solution supporte le chargement dynamique d’extensions et fonctionne même pour des répartitions de tâches très déséquilibrées. Nous traitons finalement le problème de la confiance entre les extensions collaborantes, et proposons une solution basée sur le test exhaustif et la validation formelle des fonctions de plan. Mots-clés : Temps réel, ordonnancement collaboratif, cartes à puce, exonoyau Trusted Collaborative Real Time Scheduling in a Smart Card Exokernel 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2004